Journal of Management and Business Solutions

This study was conducted with the aim of identifying the strategies and consequences of the financial and behavioral effects of financial decisions on corporate performance by employing a qualitative approach, grounded theory methodology, and the Barney Glaser theory framework. Through 14 semi-structured interviews with experts in the fields of finance and accounting and data analysis in three stages of open, axial, and selective coding, the final research model was developed. The findings indicated that five macro-level strategies, including the development of a comprehensive financial strategy, financial transparency and reporting, the use of modern technologies, human resource management, and attention to social responsibility, play a decisive role in optimizing the effects of financial decisions. The implementation of these strategies leads to five major categories of outcomes, including performance analysis and evaluation, strengthening communications and interactions, improvement of financial outcomes, liquidity and cash flow management, and enhancement of investor confidence. The proposed model demonstrates that simultaneous attention to financial, behavioral, and social dimensions in financial decision-making, in addition to improving classical financial indicators, contributes to strengthening social capital, stakeholder satisfaction, and the long-term performance of firms. By providing an integrated and indigenous framework, this study takes a step toward filling the existing gap in the literature and can serve as a suitable basis for effective financial decision-making in Iranian companies.

Value co-creation in the online retail industry has emerged as an innovative approach in customer relationship management that emphasizes active interaction and the joint creation of value between customers and organizations. The objective of this study was to identify the dimensions and components of value co-creation in online retailing and to present a comprehensive conceptual model based on existing research evidence. This study was conducted using a qualitative approach and the meta-synthesis method. A total of 62 studies related to the research topic were systematically analyzed. Data were extracted through concept coding and subsequently organized into components and major dimensions during the synthesis stage. The analysis of the studies led to the identification of five main dimensions of value co-creation, including infrastructural and technological, behavioral and interactive, organizational and managerial, value creation and market, and sustainability and social responsibility dimensions. The first dimensions were identified as enabling factors, the behavioral dimension as the core component, the value creation dimension as the outcome, and the sustainability dimension as the moderating context of the model. The final model demonstrates that value co-creation in online retailing is a multidimensional phenomenon shaped through the integration of digital technologies, organizational capabilities, customer interactions, and commitment to sustainability. This model can serve as a theoretical framework and a practical guideline for enhancing customer experience and developing sustainable value-creating strategies.

With the expansion of digital financial technologies, the issuance of the Digital Rial as a new form of central bank money has created new challenges and opportunities for monetary policy. The present study aims to investigate the effects of the issuance and design of the Digital Rial on the country’s macroeconomic variables, including inflation, the output gap, and the policy interest rate. To analyze these effects, a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model with heterogeneous households is developed, in which the Digital Rial is modeled endogenously under two alternative regimes: non-interest-bearing and interest-bearing. The calibrated model is solved for the 2011–2024 period, and four policy scenarios are compared using dynamic model simulations, including the baseline scenario, the widespread non-interest-bearing Digital Rial issuance scenario, the interest-bearing and managed Digital Rial scenario, and the rapid and high-risk adoption scenario. The simulation results indicate that, in the baseline scenario, the Digital Rial functions solely as a payment instrument. The widespread issuance of a non-interest-bearing Digital Rial reduces the effectiveness of monetary policy by weakening the sensitivity of money demand to the interest rate and consequently increases fluctuations in inflation and the output gap. In contrast, the design of an interest-bearing and managed Digital Rial strengthens the interest rate transmission channel, contributes to macroeconomic stabilization, and improves the performance of the Taylor rule.

The increasing reliance on e-commerce has led to a surge in customer-generated content, making sentiment analysis a crucial tool for understanding consumer preferences. This study presents a novel aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) approach to extract fine-grained insights from customer reviews across multiple product categories, including lingerie, women’s clothing, men’s clothing, kids’ apparel, home & furniture, and flowers & plants. We employ exploratory data analysis (EDA) to uncover key patterns in customer sentiment and utilize a transformer-based model with contrastive learning to enhance sentiment classification accuracy. Our approach effectively captures sentiment variations across nine different aspects, including quality, value for money, style, fit, material, warmth, comfort, support, and how well the product fits. The results demonstrate that our model outperforms traditional sentiment analysis methods, offering a more structured understanding of customer feedback. By analyzing customer sentiments from reviews, businesses can identify dissatisfaction patterns that may contribute to customer churn. Addressing these issues proactively can help improve customer retention and loyalty. These insights can help businesses refine their product offerings and improve customer satisfaction across diverse e-commerce categories.

Price increases under unstable and inflationary economic conditions represent one of the major challenges for firms operating in the construction industry, particularly companies engaged in the production and supply of ready-mixed concrete. The manner in which such price increases are announced and the design of the related communication message have a direct impact on customer acceptance and the maintenance of stable relationships with stakeholders. Using a quantitative approach, this study identifies and designs an effective model for price increase statements in the ready-mixed concrete industry. The findings indicate that price increase statements are not merely tools for information dissemination but also form part of organizations’ communication strategy. Moreover, the key components influencing customer acceptance include transparency, empathy, appropriate timing, reference to external factors, provision of incentives, and the establishment of channels for direct interaction. The results of statistical analyses showed that transparency and empathy had the greatest effects on customer acceptance. These findings emphasize that price increase statements should be designed as communication tools that simultaneously take into account economic requirements as well as customers’ psychological and social considerations.

This study examines the impact of the psychological contract on accountants’ willingness to report financial misconduct. In terms of methodology, the study is exploratory and, from an analytical perspective, is considered a mixed-methods research. Due to the lack of a coherent framework regarding accountants’ psychological contract, thematic analysis was employed to identify study themes through a review of prior research and interviews with experts. Subsequently, the Delphi method was used to analyze the reliability of the identified dimensions, and finally, in the quantitative phase, the research hypothesis was tested using structural equation modeling and Smart PLS3 software. Data related to the accountants’ psychological contract were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire, while a standardized questionnaire was used to measure willingness to report financial misconduct. This mixed approach systematically examined the relationship between metacognitive beliefs and professional judgment. The qualitative findings revealed four overarching themes (accountants’ perceptual framework of organizational obligations, interactional structures between accountants and the organization, ethical and professional requirements in the workplace, and support frameworks for accountants), twelve organizing themes (accountants’ perceptions of job security and stability, psychological and emotional support, professional growth and skill development, work–life balance, transparency in organizational communication, fairness in the distribution of resources and opportunities, respect for ethical values, organizational commitment to financial obligations, mutual trust between accountants and the organization, and accountants’ expectations regarding attention to individual needs, a positive work environment, and supportive programs for mental well-being), and thirty-six basic themes. Subsequently, to assess the reliability of the identified organizing themes and to conceptualize them within the context of accountants’ psychological contract, the Delphi method was applied. Based on the evaluation of the mean scores from the first and second Delphi rounds, all dimensions were confirmed. Furthermore, the results of the research hypothesis indicated that accountants’ psychological contract has a positive and significant effect on their willingness to report financial misconduct. The findings of this study indicate that strengthening accountants’ psychological contract can increase their willingness to report financial misconduct, which in turn contributes to improving financial transparency and public trust. From a policy perspective, these findings emphasize the necessity of creating supportive work environments, developing protective policies for whistleblowers, and strengthening an organizational culture based on ethics and justice.

The aim of the present study was to examine the content validity of auditors’ metacognitive beliefs and their reflection on auditors’ professional judgment. In this study, using thematic analysis and expert interviews, the components of auditors’ metacognitive beliefs were identified. In the quantitative section, the research hypothesis was tested using structural equation modeling and Smart PLS3 software. Data on auditors’ metacognitive beliefs were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire, and a standard questionnaire was used to measure professional judgment. This mixed-methods approach systematically examined the relationship between metacognitive beliefs and professional judgment. The qualitative findings of the present study indicated four overarching themes (1- enhancement of auditors’ professional self-awareness, 2- professional interactions and team coordination, 3- continuous learning and professional development, and 4- professional ethics and accountability), eleven organizing themes (the role of self-awareness in improving audit quality, risk management in a self-aware environment, improvement of cognitive processes in a professional environment, team coordination in a self-aware environment, professional response to criticism and feedback, interaction with emerging technologies in a professional environment, and auditors’ professional development in a self-aware environment), and forty-three basic themes. Furthermore, the findings from the quantitative section showed that auditors’ metacognitive beliefs have a positive and significant effect on their professional judgment. The results of this study indicate that metacognitive beliefs play a decisive role in improving auditors’ professional judgment and help them make more accurate and less error-prone decisions when facing ambiguities and complexities in the auditing environment. These findings not only provide a deeper understanding of the cognitive and metacognitive processes influencing professional judgment, but also offer a practical framework for policymakers to enhance audit quality and increase public trust in financial reporting by designing training programs and professional standards based on strengthening metacognitive beliefs. Moreover, this study represents an important step toward developing auditors who are not only equipped with technical knowledge but also possess the metacognitive capabilities necessary to address complex professional challenges.

Financial statement restatement is a critical phenomenon in accounting literature, signaling the presence of material misstatements or policy deviations in prior periods. Such restatements not only undermine financial reporting quality but also trigger substantial economic and managerial repercussions for firms and stakeholders. Accordingly, this study aims to develop and validate a comprehensive model encompassing both the determinants and consequences of financial statement restatements. Adopting a mixed-methods research design, the qualitative phase employed the Delphi technique. Based on the consensus of 21 purposively selected experts across two rounds, 21 determinants and 6 consequences were identified and confirmed. In the quantitative phase, data from 114 firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to test the final model’s parameters. The empirical results indicate that all identified determinants exert a statistically significant influence on restatement occurrences, with information asymmetry, audit committee independence, and auditor industry expertise exhibiting the most profound effects. Regarding consequences, restatements significantly drive CEO turnover, diminish sales growth rates, and alter accrual-based earnings management behaviors. Overall, the findings highlight the pivotal role of corporate governance and audit mechanisms in mitigating restatement risks, offering vital insights for policymakers, firms, and capital market participants.