Assessment of the Sales Status of Smuggled and Abandoned Goods in the Organization for Collection and Sale of State-Owned Properties of Hormozgan Province from 2009 to 2019
Keywords:
Smuggled goods, abandoned goods, Organization for Collection and Sale of State-Owned Properties, Hormozgan ProvinceAbstract
The present study aimed to investigate the sales status of smuggled and abandoned goods in the Organization for Collection and Sale of State-Owned Properties of Hormozgan Province from 2009 to 2019. In terms of purpose, the research is applied, and it was conducted using a descriptive-survey method. The issue of smuggled and abandoned goods creates major challenges in the ongoing implementation of government programs, including economic, social, law enforcement, and other related matters. Therefore, this issue necessitates a comprehensive examination. Although it is not possible in this applied study to address all dimensions of goods smuggling due to the broad scope of the subject, an attempt has been made to examine various aspects of the issue within the available scope of the study. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the results obtained from the research sample, and generally, there was no need to employ inferential statistics. The findings of this study indicated that the Organization for Collection and Sale of State-Owned Properties acts as an institutional arm of the government in supporting domestic production. However, in some cases, through the distribution of smuggled and abandoned goods, it may become an anti-competitive institution. The adoption of modern approaches toward the exportation or destruction of such goods appears to resolve this contradiction.
Downloads
References
1. Maihold G. Shadow Supply Chains and Criminal Networks. 2022:53-82. doi: 10.5771/9783748935940-53.
2. Hall A, Antonopoulos GA, Atkinson R, Wyatt T. Duty Free: Turning the Criminological Spotlight on Special Economic Zones. The British Journal of Criminology. 2022;63(2):265-82. doi: 10.1093/bjc/azac010.
3. Vasileska L, Miloshoska D. Illicit Trafficking of Cultural Heritage Items as an International Crime: Characteristics and Responses. Horizons - International Scientific Journal. 2022;31(2):65-78. doi: 10.20544/horizons.a.31.2.22.p05.
4. Puskás A. “Blood Antiquities” of Africa: A Link Between Illicit Trafficking of Cultural Property and Terrorism-Financing? Academic and Applied Research in Military and Public Management Science. 2022;21(1):95-116. doi: 10.32565/aarms.2022.1.7.
5. Moldovan T. Terrorism Funding and Ancient Artifacts, Partnership for Profit. Journal of Ancient History and Archeology. 2022;9(1). doi: 10.14795/j.v9i1.691.
6. Шаповалов ВВ, Вейц О, Diachenko A. Modern Illegal Drug Business in Ukraine: Multidisciplinary Study of the System of Prevention and Countermeasures Against the Legalization of Income (Money Laundering) Obtained by Criminal Means. SSP Modern Law and Practice. 2024;4(2):1-27. doi: 10.53933/sspmlp.v4i2.145.
7. Smith E. Scholarly Facilitation of the Illicit Trade in Cultural Objects: Providing a Veneer of Legitimacy. Advances in Archaeological Practice. 2025;13(1):73-88. doi: 10.1017/aap.2024.35.
8. Visconti A. Laundering Illicitly Trafficked Cultural Property and Criminal Law Control Over the Import and Export of Artworks and Antiquities. Lawart. 2023:189. doi: 10.17473/lawart-2023-4-6.
9. Schubert J. Illicit Trade in Cultural Property: Looted in the Global South, Sold in Europe. 2022:217-36. doi: 10.5771/9783748935940-217.
10. Runhovde SR. In the Dark, All Art Dealers Are Grey: Discretion and Rationalisation in the Munch Art Market. International Journal for Crime Justice and Social Democracy. 2021;10(2):1-14. doi: 10.5204/ijcjsd.1619.
11. Rasico PD. Auctions and the Making of the Nabob in Late Eighteenth-Century Calcutta and London. The Historical Journal. 2021;65(2):349-70. doi: 10.1017/s0018246x21000303.
12. Yates D, Brodie N. The Illicit Trade in Antiquities Is Not the World’s Third Largest Illicit Trade: A Critical Evaluation of a Factoid. 2022. doi: 10.31235/osf.io/vy3w4.
13. Yates D, Brodie N. The Illicit Trade in Antiquities Is Not the World's Third-Largest Illicit Trade: A Critical Evaluation of a Factoid. Antiquity. 2023;97(394):991-1003. doi: 10.15184/aqy.2023.90.
14. Giovanelli R, Traviglia A. AIKoGAM: An AI-driven Knowledge Graph of the Antiquities Market: Toward Automatised Methods to Identify Illicit Trafficking Networks. Journal of Computer Applications in Archaeology. 2024;7(1):92-114. doi: 10.5334/jcaa.130.
15. Caspari G, Zhang F, Gallagher SB, Wallace TD, Mödlinger M. Interdisciplinary Analyses of High-Value Antiquities Reveal Black Market Dynamics. 2024. doi: 10.21428/cb6ab371.c04b6d1a.
16. Nomishan TS, Tubi P-K, Gubam DS. Cultural Heritage Management and the Effect of Corruption in Nigeria: Hampering Sustainable Development via Cultural Heritage Destruction. Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development. 2021;13(4):662-84. doi: 10.1108/jchmsd-12-2020-0175.
17. Soares AD, Villarroel IE. Brazil’s International Cultural Heritage Obligations and the Potential Use of Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms for Illicit Trafficking Disputes. Santander Art and Culture Law Review. 2021;7(2):77-98. doi: 10.4467/2450050xsnr.21.019.15264.
18. Shostko OY, Дрьомін ВМ, Melnychuk T, Дунаєва ТЄ. Illicit Trade in Wartime: Ukraine’s Trends and Challenges for Counteraction. International Annals of Criminology. 2025;63(1):75-106. doi: 10.1017/cri.2025.7.
19. Vilá CSQ. On the Borderline – Using National and International Legal Frameworks to Address the Traffic of Pre-Columbian Antiquities Between Mexico and the United States. Santander Art and Culture Law Review. 2021;7(2):51-76. doi: 10.4467/2450050xsnr.21.018.15263.
20. Amineddoleh LA. Kings, Treasures, and Looting: The Evolution of Sovereign Immunity and the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act. The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts. 2023;46(4). doi: 10.52214/jla.v46i4.11238.
21. Henricks K, Taboada D. A City So Cold: Parking on the Streets of Public–private Predation. Race & Class. 2024;66(3):57-78. doi: 10.1177/03063968241274169.
22. Uhm Dv, Wong R. Chinese Organized Crime and the Illegal Wildlife Trade: Diversification and Outsourcing in the Golden Triangle. Trends in Organized Crime. 2021;24(4):486-505. doi: 10.1007/s12117-021-09408-z.
23. Tsirogiannis C. The Antiquities Market We Deserve: 'Royal-Athena Galleries' (1942-2020). Acta Ad Archaeologiam Et Artium Historiam Pertinentia. 2021;32(18 N.S.):147-75. doi: 10.5617/acta.9024.
24. Roland H, Visonà P. Carthaginian Bronze Coins From a Hoard Found Off the Coast of Tunisia. Libyan Studies. 2025;56:49-60. doi: 10.1017/lis.2025.10021.
Downloads
Published
Submitted
Revised
Accepted
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Amin Moradi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
