Designing a Model for the Development of the Human Resource Participation System in the Islamic Republic of Iran Customs
Keywords:
employee participation, participative management, Islamic Republic of Iran CustomsAbstract
In terms of purpose, this study is applied research and seeks to design a model for the development of the human resource participation system in the Islamic Republic of Iran Customs. Based on the data collection method, it is a descriptive study conducted with an exploratory approach grounded in the interpretivist paradigm. The study participants consisted of professors of public administration and senior managers of the Customs Organization. Sampling was carried out using purposive sampling, and theoretical saturation was achieved after 22 interviews. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire. The qualitative analysis of expert interviews was conducted using thematic qualitative analysis with MAXQDA software, and the resulting themes were screened using the fuzzy Delphi method in MATLAB software. Subsequently, the relationships among constructs were identified using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) in MICMAC software, and the model for the development of the human resource participation system in the Islamic Republic of Iran Customs was designed. The research findings indicate that participation strategy, participative management, and a culture of participation influence job enrichment and career development. Job enrichment and career development affect employee empowerment and lead to job motivation, employee commitment, and employee satisfaction. Through these components, the achievement of employee participation ultimately becomes possible.
Downloads
References
1. Wilkinson A, Dundon T, Ackers P. Mapping employee involvement and participation in institutional context: Mick Marchington's applied pluralist contributions to human resource management research methods, theory and policy. Human Resource Management Journal. 2023;33(3):551-63. doi: 10.1111/1748-8583.12461.
2. Abdolhamid M, Nematollahi HR, Abdolhosseinzadeh M. Achievements and Functions of the Participative Management Approach in Higher Education. Higher Education in Iran. 2022;14(1):1-23.
3. Farhadi A, Haji-Vand A, Sharif-Zadeh F. Identifying and Prioritizing Factors Affecting Employee Participation in Implementing Public Policies in Urban Management. Governance and Development. 2022;2(2):119-52.
4. Romanus N, Oyedele OM, Andah RA. Employee Participation and Organizational Performance in an Emerging Economy. Konfrontasi: Jurnal Kultural, Ekonomi dan Perubahan Sosial. 2023;10(3):135-49. doi: 10.33258/konfrontasi2.v10i3.281.
5. Philip K, Chung Y, Arrowsmith J. The limits to employee involvement? Employee participation without HRM in a small not-for-profit organisation. Personnel Review. 2021;50(2):401-19. doi: 10.1108/PR-08-2019-0457.
6. Renalwin R. The Influence of Learning Organizational Culture, Employee Engagement, Digital Transformation, and Esg on Sustainable Competitive Advantage: The Role of Transformational Leadership at Abc University, Indonesia. International Journal of Social Science Humanity & Management Research. 2025;04(03). doi: 10.58806/ijsshmr.2025.v4i3n08.
7. Meyer D, Mumtaz S, Selvarajah C. How does human relations climate and organizational support affect readiness to change? The mediating role of employee participation and leadership excellence. Global Business and Organizational Excellence. 2024;43(2):79-91. doi: 10.1002/joe.22223.
8. Garcia-Arca J, González-Portela Garrido AT, Prado-Prado JC. Deploying Sustainability Through Employee Participation. An Action Research Proposal. Systemic Practice and Action Research. 2024;37(1):19-40. doi: 10.1007/s11213-023-09639-x.
9. Temel M, Lozano R, Barreiro-Gen M. Making organizations sustainable through employee participation: An analysis of factors and their interactions. IEEE Engineering Management Review. 2022;50(2):93-109. doi: 10.1109/EMR.2022.3162413.
10. Jang S, Chung Y, Son H. Employee participation in performance measurement system: focusing on job satisfaction and leadership. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management. 2023;72(7):2119-34. doi: 10.1108/IJPPM-08-2021-0448.
11. Saks AM. Caring human resources management and employee engagement. Human Resource Management Review. 2022;32(3):820-35. doi: 10.1016/j.hrmr.2021.100835.
12. Aslani F. The Impact of Psychological Ownership on Employee Retention Mediated by Commitment and Employee Participation. Strategic Studies. 2023;14(57):159-76.
13. Khosravi-Pour B, Adham-Malaki M. The Role of Transparency in Government Duties and Production Cooperatives on the Success of Participative Management Approach. Geography and Human Relations. 2023;6(20):492-506.
14. Khalili F, Latifi S. The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Employee Human Resource Participation. New Research Approaches in Management and Accounting. 2022;6(20):766-74.
15. Mousavi MS, Moghadam A. Examining the Impact of Human Resource Participative Management Approaches on Fundamental Innovation with the Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing. Humanities Studies. 2022;8(29):19-35.
16. Grund C, Titz K. Affective commitment through further training: the roles of firm provision and employee participation. Review of Managerial Science. 2022;16(4):1195-226. doi: 10.1007/s11846-021-00460-1.
17. Haqparast R, Qasemi S, Khodaiyan S, Zekavatnejad H. The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Participative Management with Learning Organization in Schools. New Perspectives in Educational Research. 2023;2(1):102-12.
18. Rahimi-Kalhor H, Qasemi-Hamdaani I, Ebrahimi-Khajoo V. Exploring the Moderating Role of Participative Management in the Relationship Between the Dark Triad of Personality and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Employees. Management and Educational Perspectives. 2023;5(16):1-23.
19. Ghazi-Nouri SS, Sadri-Khah AR, Sarabadani A. A Value Delivery Model in Customs Organizational Processes Through the Integration of IT Governance in Process Management. International Business Management. 2023;6(21):19-40.
20. Pahani B, Kermanshahi S. An Ethnographic Study of Employee Participation in the Social Security Organization. Organizational Culture Management. 2023;21(69):237-53.
21. Lukman JP, Sakir AR, Amaliah Y. The Level of Community Participation in Human Resource Development in Barakkae Village, Bone Regency. BAILEO: JURNAL SOSIAL HUMANIORA. 2024;1(2):155-65. doi: 10.30598/baileofisipvol1iss2pp155-165.
22. Chen Y, Chung Y, Xede J. The effect of frontline employee participation in strategic planning on managers' budget slack creation and evaluation: a lab-in-the-field experiment. Spanish Journal of Finance and Accounting / Revista Española de Financiación y Contabilidad. 2023;52(4):528-58. doi: 10.1080/02102412.2022.2109840.
23. Chandel A, Pandey A, Yadav M, Dewasiri NJ. Innovation Culture and Employee Engagement: Relationship Between an Organization's Innovation Culture and Employee Engagement and Retention. Entrepreneurial Ecosystems Driving Economic Transformation and Job Creation: IGI Global Scientific PublishingDO - 10.4018/979-8-3693-9486-1.ch013; 2025. p. 363-78.
24. Moteqi P, Faqihi-Pour J. Participative Management: With Emphasis on the Proposal System: Tehran: Dar al-Fonoon; 2021.
25. Heidari-Abrovan MJ, Mirgol A, Kashtkar F. Participative Management: Tehran: Shil Danesh; 2021.
26. Habibi A, Jalalnia R. Multi-Criteria Decision-Making: Tehran: Narvan; 2022.
Downloads
Published
Submitted
Revised
Accepted
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Amin Cheraghi, Kambiz Hamidi (Author); Ameneh Malmir
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
