Identification of the Key Dimensions of Leadership Shadow Personality in the Water Resources Sector and the Provision of Practical Solutions (Case Study: Iraqi Ministry of Water Resources)

Abstract

This study aims to identify the key dimensions of leadership shadow personality in the water resources sector and to propose practical solutions. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach (grounded theory–confirmatory factor analysis). The statistical population in the qualitative phase consisted of academic experts in the field of water resources in Iraq, who were selected through snowball sampling for conducting interviews. The statistical population in the quantitative phase included administrative staff employed at the Iraqi Ministry of Water Resources, from whom a sample was selected using Cochran’s formula for finite populations through proportional stratified random sampling. Data analysis in the qualitative phase was conducted using grounded theory with the assistance of ATLAS.ti software, and in the quantitative phase through confirmatory factor analysis using SmartPLS software. Data collection methods included interviews in the qualitative phase and a questionnaire in the quantitative phase. The key components of leadership shadow personality include: power, shadow personality, leadership style, individual personality, challenges, effectiveness, organizational credibility, change and transformation, conflict resolution–disorder elimination, leadership popularity, societal transformations, legitimacy, mass participation, personal empowerment, expansion of the span of control, attitudinal level, impenetrability, self-actualization, risk-taking, intra-organizational cohesion, social actors, and communication.